Ever wondered about the deep roots of agriculture right here in our northeast New Mexico communities? The land beneath our feet has a rich history of feeding and sustaining folks for centuries. From ancient indigenous communities, to the early days of wheat fields and sheep herds to today’s diverse farms and ranches, let’s dive into the rich history and vibrant present of the agricultural heritage of Mora, San Miguel and Guadalupe Counties.
A Tapestry of Tradition: Digging Deeper into the Past
Our story begins long before the 1600s. For centuries, indigenous communities like the Jicarilla Apache and Navajo thrived here, practicing a blend of hunting, gathering, and small-scale agriculture. They fostered a deep respect for the land, adapting their practices to the unique challenges and opportunities it presented.
By the 1600s, Spanish settlers arrived to the area that is now New Mexico, bringing with them new crops and livestock. Wheat became a major player, its golden fields waving proudly across the plains. This region, particularly the Mora Valley, earned the nickname “The Bread Basket of the Southwest” for its ability to produce large quantities of wheat, a vital food source for the growing population.
Beyond Wheat: A Diverse Agricultural Landscape
But wheat wasn’t the only star of the show. Churro sheep, a heritage breed brought by the Spanish, became particularly well-adapted to the region’s harsh climate and sparse vegetation. These hardy animals, known for their long, twisted horns and superior wool quality, played a crucial role in the local economy. Their wool was used to make clothing and blankets, while their meat provided a valuable source of protein.
The Santa Fe Trail, a vital trade route established in the early 19th century, further cemented the region’s agricultural importance. Farmers and ranchers supplied the trail with food and other necessities, contributing significantly to the economic and cultural development of the region.
A Deep Connection to the Land: A Legacy that Endures
Throughout history, the people of northeast New Mexico have developed a profound connection to the land. Their agricultural practices are deeply embedded in their cultural traditions and values. They understand the delicate balance required to maintain a sustainable relationship with the environment, employing techniques like crop rotation and water conservation to ensure the land’s continued bounty for future generations while reaping a bountiful harvest in semi-arid conditions.
The Present Day: A Thriving Agricultural Landscape
Fast-forward to the present, and you’ll find a dynamic agricultural landscape thriving across Mora, San Miguel, and Guadalupe Counties. While those wheat fields and Churro sheep continue to be a part of the story, a diverse range of farming and ranching practices have emerged. And by spanning a range of geographical and micro-climate zones between the three counties, together they make for a diverse tapestry of agricultural goods.
Here’s a closer look at each county’s unique agricultural profile:
Mora County:
Known for its high mountain meadows, Mora County is a haven for cattle ranching and hay production. Here, you’ll find generations-old ranches raising high-quality beef cattle in a sustainable manner. Additionally, Mora County boasts a growing reputation for its specialty crops, like lavender and garlic, offering unique flavors to the regional food scene.
USDA County Profile: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Online_Resources/County_Profiles/New_Mexico/cp35033.pdf
San Miguel County:
This county boasts a diverse agricultural landscape, encompassing everything from sheep ranching and cattle grazing on the flatlands to fruit orchards and vineyards down in the Valley. San Miguel County is also home to a thriving network of farmers that congregate at the Tri-County Farmers Market, making it easier than ever to connect with local producers and enjoy fresh, seasonal bounty.
USDA County Profile:
Guadalupe County:
Rolling hills and fertile valleys define the agricultural landscape of Guadalupe County. Here, you’ll find a strong presence of cattle ranching, hay production, and dryland farming of crops like corn and beans. In recent years, the county has seen a rise in specialty crops like pistachios and chile peppers, adding a unique flavor profile to the region’s offerings.
USDA County Profile:
Supporting Our Local Heroes
Northeast New Mexico’s agricultural story is one of resilience, innovation, and a deep connection to the land. From those early wheat fields to today’s diverse farms and ranches, it’s a heritage we should all be proud of. By supporting our local farmers and ranchers, we’re not just getting the freshest, most delicious food – we’re also investing in the future of our communities, the health of our environment, and the continuation of a rich and vibrant tradition.
Further Reading:
Churro Sheep:
Navajo-Churro Sheep Association
Sacred Sheep – By Ungelbah Dávila
Acequias:
New Mexico Acequia Association